En el último congreso de cardiología norteamericano (American College of Cardiology 2021), se ha expuesto los resultados del estudio Holiday Monitors, donde subrayan que beber alcohol aumenta la probabilidad de que ocurra un episodio de fibrilación auricular (FA) en unas pocas horas, y que cuanto más alcohol se consume, mayor es el riesgo de padecer esta arritmia.
En este estudio se analizaron a 100 pacientes con FA paroxística que consumieron al menos una bebida alcohólica al mes, con una edad media de 64 años (79% varones, 85% raza blanca).
Hay que indicar que los pacientes consumieron una mediana de 19 bebidas, en una mediana de 12 días diferentes, y 56 pacientes tuvieron al menos un episodio de FA en una mediana de 5 días.
Se comprobó que por cada incremento del 0,1% en la concentración máxima de alcohol en sangre durante las 12 horas anteriores se asoció con un aumento del 38% en las probabilidades de un episodio de FA.
En concreto resaltan los siguientes aspectos:
- Cualquier bebida alcohólica se asoció con más del doble de probabilidades de un evento de FA en las 4 horas siguientes a la ingesta.
- Esta probabilidad aumenta a más de tres veces cuando se toman 2 o más bebidas alcohólicas.
- Este riesgo es mayor entre 3 y 4 horas después del consumo de alcohol.
- La mayoría de episodios de fibrilación auricular sucedieron por la noche.
- No se pudo determinar el umbral, cantidad o concentración de alcohol necesario para desencadenar un episodio de FA.
Por ello, la conclusión que se obtiene de este trabajo es que hay que aconsejar a los pacientes con episodios previos de fibrilación auricular que se abstengan de consumir alcohol, ante el riesgo de recurrencia.
REFERENCIAS
https://www.acc.org/Clinical-Topics/~/media/E782DA3FC36C46DFA8F1F7EDB491E240.pdf
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